All posts by Sudeepti

aloe vera propagation

How to Propagate Aloe Vera

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Aloe Vera is not just good for your skin; it is a plant that you can easily grow and share with others. Whether you are a pro at gardening or just starting out, growing Aloe Vera can be fun and satisfying. It has become a favorite in gardens and homes globally.

How to Propagate Aloe Vera: Tips

In this article, we will explore how to grow Aloe Vera, make it healthier. Let’s jump into the simple steps to propagate Aloe Vera.

Why Propagate Aloe Vera?

Although it is common to purchase mature Aloe Vera plants, there is a joy in watching new shoots emerge from the roots, forming clusters of vibrant, green offspring.

Propagation not only expands your Aloe Vera family but also allows you to share this resilient plant with friends and family. Additionally, propagating Aloe Vera is a great way to breathe life back into stressed or aging plants, ensuring a continuous cycle of growth and rejuvenation.

Setting the Stage: Planting Aloe Vera

The journey begins with a careful selection of pots and soil, creating an environment conducive to Aloe Vera’s preferences. 

Follow below steps, 

1. Selecting a Pot:

    • Choose a broad-sized pot with drainage holes at the bottom.

 

2. Preparing the Pot:

    • Cover the bottom hole with newspaper to prevent soil from washing out.
    • Fill the pot with a well-draining soil mixture.

3. Planting the Main Aloe Vera:

  • Plant the main Aloe Vera in a slightly tilted position at the corner of the pot.
  • Fill the soil around the plant for support.
  • Water the soil until water drains out from the bottom hole.

4. Adding Pups:

  • Once the main plant is established, place pups in the soil at an appropriate distance.
  • Ensure the soil is well-moisturized before adding pups.
  • Do not water again after placing the pups.

Important note:

1. First, make sure the soil is wet enough by giving it a good amount of water.

  • It is important to water until you see water coming out from the bottom of the pot.

2. After that, you can place the baby plants (pups).

  • But here is the trick – don’t water again right away.
  • Succulents like Aloe Vera or Snake plant have small roots, and giving them too much water can be harmful. They might not like it, and their roots can get messed up.

3. So, the rule is to wet the soil well first, put in the baby plants, and then hold off on more water.

  • Let the soil dry out a bit before watering again.

This way, your aloe vera and similar plants can stay happy and healthy.

Propagation of the Pups & Repotting

1. Pup Propagation:

    • Wait for the pups to grow into small plants.

2. Precautions for Repotting:

    • Ensure the mother plant is healthy before repotting.
    • Gently remove pups with some soil to avoid damaging roots.

3. Repotting Process:

    • Place pups in separate pots, ensuring leaves do not touch wet soil.
    • Cover wet soil with dry soil and set the pups.
    • Always do the repotting in the evening.

4. Acclimating to Sunlight:

    • Initially, place repotted plants in indirect sunlight.
    • After 2 days, expose them to sunlight for 2-3 hours.
    • Monitor for signs of stress; if observed, wait a few more days before introducing direct sunlight.

5. Repeat Propagation:

    • After 2 months, new pups will appear, and the repotting process can be repeated for further propagation.

Reviving Stressed Aloe Vera:

1. Identifying Stress Signs:

    • Yellowing with black spots on dried leaves indicates stress.

2. Reviving Process:

    • Remove all damaged leaves, roots, and branches.
    • Repot the plant following the above-mentioned steps.

3. Survival Period Without Soil and Water:

    • Uprooted Aloe Vera plants can survive for 6-7 days without soil and water.
    • Repot within this timeframe to ensure survival.

By following these steps, you can successfully propagate, care for, and revive Aloe Vera plants.

Must read:

Aloe Vera Care: Pest Attack & Black Spot

Happy Gardening!!

How to Care Rose Plant in Summer Season

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Roses thrive in winter, blooming beautifully from October to March (in India). However, they struggle during the summer months. High temperatures make them sluggish, causing slow growth with little blooming.

Caring for rose plant during the summer season is crucial for maintaining their health and ensuring they bloom beautifully later on. Roses require different care depending on the season. Let’s discuss how to treat them during the summer.

How to Care Rose Plant in Summer Season

1. Promote Root and Leaf Health

Since roses tend to produce fewer flowers during hot temperatures, prioritize nurturing the roots and leaves. Healthy green leaves can withstand heat better and will support robust flowering later in the season.

pruning of buds & flowers
  • Remove any buds or flowers that start to grow to prevent the plant from channeling its energy into blooming, which can weaken the overall plant.

2. Protect from Sun and High Temperatures

Temperature and Sun heat both are at their top during this time. Both of them have a leading hand in spoiling this plant during summer.

  • If temperature and sunlight are controlled to some extent then plants would recover to a great extent.

(i) Avoid Direct Sunlight:

Avoid direct sunlight

Shield rose plants from direct sunlight during the hottest parts of the day. Place them in a shaded area or under a green net to reduce exposure to intense sunlight.

(ii) Prevent Heat Transfer:

High temperatures can cause the floor beneath the pots to become hot, transferring heat to the plants.

  • Place jute bags on the floor and wet them with water to create a barrier between the hot floor and the pots. This helps regulate the temperature around the roots.

(iii) Misting On Plant

Contrary to the belief that misting can lead to fungal issues, lightly misting the leaves of rose plants can be beneficial during hot weather.

  • This helps cool down the plant and prevents excessive water loss through evaporation. It also helps remove dust from the leaves, promoting better photosynthesis.

3. Watering Tips

Watering is a critical aspect of caring for rose plants, particularly during the hot summer months. Here are some essential tips to ensure your roses receive the right amount of water and maintain optimal moisture levels:

(i) Monitor Soil Moisture:

Keep a close eye on the moisture level of the soil around your rose plants. The soil should always retain a slight amount of moisture to prevent the branches from bending and withering. Ensure that the soil doesn’t dry out completely, especially during the summer heat.

(ii) Timing of Watering:

Water your rose plants either in the morning or evening. Providing water in the morning helps kickstart the process of photosynthesis, as it occurs in the presence of sunlight.

  • Morning watering also helps replenish moisture lost during the heat of the day. If necessary, you can water in the evening as well, but always check the soil’s moisture level first.

(iii) Use Normal Temperature Water:

watering rose plant

Always use water at normal temperature for watering your rose plants. Avoid using warm or hot water, as it can shock the plants and cause damage.

  • Ensure that water from water tanks is not too hot before using it for watering. Additionally, when using sprays, ensure the water is at a normal temperature.

(iv) Avoid Overwatering:

overwatering in rose plant

While roses may require more frequent watering during the summer, be cautious not to overwater.

  • Overwatering can lead to root rot and fungal issues. It’s better to water deeply once rather than multiple shallow waterings. This helps prevent root rot by allowing the soil to retain moisture for a longer duration.

4. How to Keep soil moist for a longer duration?

moist soil of rose plant

To keep the soil around your rose plants moist for an extended period, you can employ the following techniques:

(i) Adding Potting Mixture to the Soil:

Create a potting mixture by combining compost and coco peat in equal parts, along with a quarter portion of sand and rose-bloom fertilizer. Ensure thorough mixing of all components.

Loosen the existing soil around the plant and remove the top layer.

  • Incorporate the prepared potting mixture into the soil. Both compost and coco peat have excellent water retention properties, effectively locking moisture within the soil for a longer duration.

(ii) Mulching:

Mulching involves covering the soil surface with materials that absorb and retain water, preventing direct exposure to sunlight.

  • Various materials can be used for mulching, such as dry leaves, rice husks, water-absorbing fabric, water-absorbing carry bags, or even a green net. These materials allow air to pass through while keeping the soil moist.

Tips to do mulching:

  • Cover the soil with your chosen mulching material and water as usual. The mulch helps slow down evaporation, ensuring the soil stays moist for longer periods.
  • When it’s time to apply fertilizer, simply remove the mulch, apply the fertilizer, and then replace the mulch.
  • Additionally, mulching helps suppress weed growth.

5. Black Spot on Rose leaves

black spot on rose leaves

Sometimes, rose leaves may develop black spots or show signs of damage, turning yellow, which are often caused by fungal infections. 

  • Apply fungicide monthly to prevent black spots and yellowing caused by fungal infections. Mix 2-3 pinches of fungicide in 5 liters of water and apply to the plant.

6. Pest Attack on Rose Plant

During summer, protect roses from pests like mealybugs with neem spray.

  • Boil neem leaves, dilute the decoction, and apply weekly. Neem oil spray is an alternative if neem leaves aren’t available.

Taking these measures helps safeguard rose plants during the challenging summer season. It’s crucial to show care and attention to the plants during this period of intense heat, focusing on their sustainability rather than expecting abundant flowering.

Happy Gardening !!

6 Common Mistakes to avoid in Gardening

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While doing gardening, we often make some mistakes, which we should not do. Due to this, our plants are not able to grow that well. Whether you are experienced or a beginner, you should know these few things which I am going to tell you through this article.

1 – Do not ignore “Tilling of Soil”

Soil tilling

Generally, people make lots of efforts for the growth of their plants like giving fertilizers on time, feeding humic acid or bio enzymes, pruning at regular intervals, and many more things but they do not give much importance to the basics of gardening that is doing “tilling of the soil”.

The tilling process is important for various reasons-

  • It makes the soil soft.
  • Soil nutrients get shuffled up and down.
  • It maintains good aeration.
  • Roots become strong and healthy.

Once a week, tilling of the soil should be done for the optimal growth of the plants.

2 – Not using the proper technique of spraying pesticides

Pests attack is very common in plants and in particular season insects like mealy bugs, aphids, ants, spider mites plus many others start growing.

Pesticide spray
  • To get rid of them various pesticide solutions are available and prepared. To refrain from insects proper process of spraying needs to be followed.
  • First of all remove all the insects from affected plants by using cotton buds, tissue paper, or any cotton cloth. Clean all the leaves, branches, and all the parts of the plants.
  • After that, spray the solution on each and every part of the plants, the side of the leaves, all the branches, on buds or flowers. If even a single insect remains on the plant then there would be a pest attack again and questions will arise on the effectiveness of the solution.
  • So, here solution would not be a culprit but proper methodology needs to be followed.
  • Follow the treatment on every alternate day until the plant is pest-free.

3 – Selecting the wrong Pots Structure

Despite the material, the structure of the pot matters a lot.

  • Avoid narrow pots because, at the time of tilling, repotting, giving compost or fertilizer, and removing weeds, space is needed to loosen the soil. In narrow pots, we do not get proper space, either the pot will break or the plant will get damaged.
  • Be it, ceramic, plastic, or cement but opt for broad-size pots. Soil would get enough sunlight, tilling can be done easily and the aeration process would be maintained in broad-size pots.

4 – Adding chemicals to compost

 

When composts are made at home (any compost – leaf compost, kitchen or cow dung compost), naturally it takes 2 and 2.5 months to make. All the material gets decomposed in the presence of bacteria and fungus which is a slow process.

  • Some people are accelerating this process by adding chemicals to it and compost gets ready in 7-10 days, which is not the correct method.
  • No chemicals should be added to get pure organic compost, moreover, if anything chemically manifested things (compost) is added to the plant then it will deplete the nutrition level of the soil.
  • Fruits, flowers, or vegetables grown by adding this compost would not be organic hence they would be chemically injected which is not good for health.
  • To fasten the process of compost making, add organic or natural; things like buttermilk, vermicompost, sour curd, or worms. All these things will accelerate the process of decaying material.

5 – Not feeding Fertilizers to the plant

Heavy feeder plants like flowering, fruiting, and vegetable plants need fertilizers at regular intervals. They will look beautiful and tempting at nurseries because proper care of them is taken there but after getting them at home, many of them would stop growing.

  • These plants need fertilizer every 20-25 days.
  • NPK, micronutrients, or any other organic fertilizer should be given to the plant to meet the nutrient level of the soil for the booming growth of the plant.

6 – Incorrect way of using Neem Oil

Neem oil is an organic oil and the best pesticide but many people complain that after using neem oil their plants get burnt. Well, the problem is not the neem oil here but the problem is how it is used.

  • Neem oil is strong so when applied to the leaves, the pores of the leaves get blocked and the process of photosynthesis gets seized.
  • To refrain from this, always spray neem oil in the evening and keep the plant for the night as it is. The next day, in the morning before sunrise, wash the plant properly with ample water.
  • Neem oil will do its work at night so make sure leaves with neem oil do not get exposed to sun. While washing, oil might fall in the soil but that is ok.

Happy Gardening!!

How to use Neem Oil to Protect Plants from Pest Attacks

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Neem oil is indeed known for its versatility in gardening. It is considered relatively safe for plants when used appropriately, and it is often used in organic gardening.

It serves as a natural pesticide, helping to repel various insects such as mealybug, aphids, spider mites, whiteflies, leaf miners, beetles, etc. Additionally, neem oil is effective in treating fungal infections in plants.

The oil, derived from the neem tree’s seeds (Azadirachta indica), is recognized for its organic insect-repellent properties and antifungal characteristics. Furthermore, it acts as a natural fertilizer, promoting healthy plant growth. It is important to follow recommended application guidelines to ensure its effectiveness without causing harm.

In this article, we explore how neem oil can do many helpful things when mixed with different ingredients.

What is Neem Oil?

Neem oil is produced by crushing the kernels found within the seeds commonly referred to as “nibor”, of the bitter neem tree.

  • The byproduct, neem cake, is also obtained during this process and is used in gardening. It is true that the neem oil produced through this method is considered pure and potent, but it should not be applied directly to plants undiluted as its strength may harm them.
  • Neem oil produced by companies is often formulated with emulsifiers to make it water-soluble and suitable for plant application.

Why Neem Oil is preferred as Insect Repellent?

When it comes to keeping insects away, there are many insect-killing products available in the market, nursery, and online, but not all of them are safe for edible plants like tomatoes, coriander, curry leaf, tulsi, etc. Treating these plants with regular insect killers may make them unsafe to eat.

On the other hand, neem oil is organic and safe for plants. It doesn’t pose a risk of contaminating the vegetables you plan to eat.

Always use Water-Soluble Neem Oil

When using neem oil for plants, it’s important to ensure that you’re using a water-soluble formulation. Here are some key points to consider:

1. Water-Soluble Neem Oil:

  • Look for neem oil products that are specifically labeled as water-soluble. These formulations are designed to easily mix with water, ensuring proper dispersion and effectiveness when applied to plants.

2. Ease of Application:

  • Water-soluble neem oil can be conveniently mixed with water in a sprayer or watering can, making it easy to apply to plants as a foliar spray or soil drench. 

3. Reduced Residue:

  • Water-soluble neem oil leaves minimal residue on plant surfaces, reducing the risk of buildup and potential phytotoxicity. This ensures that plants remain healthy and free from unsightly residues.

How to use Neem oil in gardening?

For the best results, it is recommended to spray neem oil in the evening. This is to avoid potential leaf burn because some plants treated with neem oil can be sensitive to sunlight.

In the daytime, plants use sunlight for photosynthesis to make their food. Neem oil can block the pores of leaves, which might interfere with this process.

Additionally, it’s a good idea to thoroughly wash your plants with water the next day before exposing them to sunlight.

“So, always spray neem oil during the evening to ensure it works effectively without harming your plants.”

Benefits and Uses of Neem Oil for Plants

1. As a Safeguard

  • Even if you don’t see any visible insects on your plants, you can use neem oil preventively once a month.
  • Mix 2.5 ml of neem oil with 1 liter of water and thoroughly spray the solution on the plants. This acts as a safeguard against potential pest issues.

2. As an Insect Repellent

a. Heavy Infestation of Insects:

  • If your plant is heavily infested with insects, consider relocating it to prevent the potential impact on nearby plants.
  • Conduct a thorough hard pruning by removing all infected branches.
  • Keep the plant in the shade and then spray neem oil as a protective measure.

b. Mild Attack of Insects:

  • When insects mildly infest leaves, buds, or branches, isolate the affected plant from others.
  • Promptly remove any visible insects, wash the plant thoroughly with clean water to eliminate remaining insects or their eggs, and remove dust from the plant.
  • Ensure a clean surface before applying neem oil, as it may not be as effective on plants covered with dust.

How to use Neem Oil to protect Plants from Pest Attacks

1. For the Insect-Infested Plant:

  • Dilute 5 ml of neem oil in one liter of water and spray it on all parts of the plant.

2. Follow this schedule for effective insect removal:

    • Day 1: In the evening, spray the prepared solution on the plant.
    • Day 2: In the morning, wash the plant properly with clean water, and in the evening, spray neem oil again following the same procedure as Day 1.
    • Day 3: Wash the plant again with clean water and observe whether the plant’s condition is improving or not.

Now, according to the prevailing situation, follow the steps:

 

1. STEP 1: 5 ml Neem oil in 1 liter of water

  • If the situation improves, continue with the same process for 8 days alternatively.

2. STEP 2: 5 ml Neem oil in 1 liter of water + 2.5 ml of Dishwasher

  • If the situation doesn’t improve, consider adjusting the spray solution. Dilute the mixture with a dishwasher or liquid hand wash (using half the quantity of neem oil).
  • Create a solution by mixing 5 ml of neem oil, 2.5 ml of dishwasher, and 1 liter of water.
  • Continue with the same application routine, spraying in the evening and washing in the morning on alternate days for 8-10 days.

3. STEP 3: 5 ml Neem oil in 1 liter of water + 2.5 ml of Dishwasher + 2 spoons of Garlic Water

If the hand wash solution proves ineffective, incorporating garlic water can be the next step.

  • To prepare garlic water, grind a few cloves of garlic thoroughly, boil them in 1 liter of water, and strain the mixture when it cools down.
  • Add 2 spoons of garlic water to the neem oil solution.
  • Apply this combined solution on alternate days for 10 days, spraying in the evening and washing the plant in the morning. This approach should contribute to the recovery of your plant within the specified timeframe.

Following the outlined methods should effectively eliminate the insects, but exercise caution for the next 15 days. Maintain careful observation of the plant and keep it in isolation to ensure sustained recovery and prevent any potential re-infestation. Spray neem oil again if there is any visibility of insects.

3. As a Disease Antidote:

When plants fall victim to diseases like leaf curl or exhibit signs of distress such as turning red, swift action is key.

  • Prune away the affected portions of the plant and follow up with a neem oil spray. If caught in the early stages, this approach can lead to a prompt recovery for the plant.

At last:

By following specific application steps, one can harness the full potential of neem oil to protect and revive plants in a natural and sustainable manner.

Happy Gardening!

How to grow Ajwain Plant at home

Vegetable Gardening, Blog, , , , , ,

The Ajwain plant is also known as Mexican mint or Indian Borage. The Ajwain plant has the same aroma and taste as carom seeds. In fact, by touching only one can sense that it is an oregano plant.

The green leaves of the Ajwain plant are called oregano and it is also used in pizza. Most people know it just like that, but these leaves have many benefits. This also gives flavor and a different taste to the food. You can also make oregano at home by drying Ajwain plant leaves. But for this, first of all, know that if you want to plant an Ajwain plant in the house, then what do you have to do for this?

In this post, we will discuss some important points which will help you to grow an Ajwain plant at your home.

Best season for Ajwain Plant

    • It blooms more in the summer as it is a summer plant.
    • Sunlight required for this plant is 1-4 hours maximum, not more than that. Otherwise, it will not flourish accordingly.
    • During winters, it grows at a slow pace and needs to be covered to prevent it from the craggy cold.
    • The duration of February to October is the best for the growth of this plant.

Water requirement for Ajwain Plant

    • It is a succulent plant. Hence, it needs less water.
    • Give water when the soil looks dry.
    • Do not over-water.

Best Soil Mixture for Ajwain Plant

1. Garden soil

    • Always take soil that is available in your area.
    • Plants grow healthy in environment-friendly soil.

2. Compost (half of the garden soil)

    • If the soil lacks any nutrients, compost is required to meet the particular level of nutrients and minerals.
    • The quantity of the compost (vermicompost or cow-dung compost or kitchen compost) should be half of the garden soil.

3. Sand (half of the compost)

    • Take river sand which is available near your area or any construction site.
    • Sand is an essential component because it prevents the soil from becoming hard like stone.

4. Cocopeat

    • Cocopeat holds the moisture for a longer duration.
    • The quantity of cocopeat should be the same as sand if sunlight comes to your area for 3 to 4 hours.

note: the quantity of cocopeat should be half of the sand if the exposure to the sunlight is for 1 to 2 hours.

5. Neem Khali (neem cake)

    • Despite all these products neem Khali (neem cake) can also be added in small quantities.
    • Mix all the material properly and it is a perfect soil mixture for the Ajwain plant.

Best pots for Ajwain plant

  • Clay pots are the best pots for the Ajwain plant, an approximately 10-12 inch pot is sufficient for terrace or balcony gardening.

From where to purchase the Ajwain plant

  • This plant is easily available in all the nurseries by the name of “ajwain plant” and can be bought at the price of Rs 40-50.

How to plant Ajwain plant in the soil?

    • First step: Fill the pot with soil and give water, so, that the soil settles down easily.
    • Second step: Create some space in the soil and place the cutting inside the soil.
    • Third step: Water the soil slowly. Give water from a spray bottle, so that the soil of the pot becomes wet. Water again for the second time till the water comes out of the bottom hole.
    • Fourth step: Keep the pot in a shaded area where there is no direct sunlight.
    • It will start growing in a few days.

Important points to keep in mind

To grow the Ajwain plant in a pot, it is important to keep some points in mind:

 

    • Plant Ajwain plant in the summer season.
    • Avoid over-watering.
    • Fertilize the plants every 25 days.
    • The pot should be wide, but the height should not be high. This makes it difficult for plants to grow.
    • Mix vermicompost and cocopeat in the soil.

Medicinal use of Ajwain plant

The Ajwain plant is rich in many nutrients such as protein, carbohydrates, fiber, sodium, potassium, calcium, phosphorus, iron, and thiamine, due to which it is used as a medicinal plant.

    • It gives relief from knee pain.
    • It also helps in gastric pain and acidity problems.
    • Consumption of 2-3 leaves in a day is enough for the pioneered problems.

Kitchen’s king ingredient

    • These leaves can be used in making vegetables and snacks.
    • To prepare different dips.
    • In Italian dishes also, it adds flavor.

Best fertilizers for Ajwain plant

    • Ajwain plant does not undergo the process of flowering and fruiting hence any heavy fertilizer like chemicals, DAP, or NPK is not required. Organic fertilizers are always preferred.

Suggested fertilizers are-

1. Kitchen Compost Tea

    • In the process of making kitchen compost, the liquid residual is obtained called kitchen compost tea.
    • It acts as a very healthy tonic for the optimum growth of the plant. Dilute it with double the quantity of water and give it to the plant every month.
vermicompost tea

2. Vermicompost Tea

    • Dilute one spatula of vermicompost with 1 liter water and keep it aside for 24 hours.
    • After 24 hours, take the upper water (leave the settled compost behind) and mix it with 4 liters of water. Pamper the Mexican mint with this tea every 30 days.

3. Mustard Cake Liquid Fertiliser can also be given thrice ( February, August, and November) in a year when the weather is not very humid.

Cutting & pruning of Ajwain plant

    • 3-4 times pruning of the leaves and branches in a week is suggested for the booming growth of the plant.
    • These branches can be used as a cutting for the growth of new plants.

Pesticides

    • Generally, it does not get attacked by any pests. Still, once in 3-4 months neem spray can be done to it.

It was all about the Ajwain plant.

Watch the below video to know detailed information on “Ajwain plant”

Keep Planting !!

Perfect Soil Mixture for Summer Plants

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Soil is the daily bread for the healthy growth of plants. It has to be nutritious, well-drained, porous, and lightweight.

Importance of healthy potting mixture:

1. In ground gardening, soil enriched with compost is typically adequate for promoting healthy plant growth. However, for container gardening, additional amendments and nutrients may be necessary to ensure the soil is conducive to plant growth and productivity.

2. Plants planted solely in normal soil without sufficient nutrients may encounter difficulties in growth after 4 to 5 months. Additionally, they could be vulnerable to diseases, pests like mealybugs, and other infections due to the absence of essential nutrients necessary for their growth and overall health.

Mealybugs on Hibiscus plant leaves

3. Usually, clay soil is utilized, but it tends to harden after being watered 3-4 times, making it difficult to penetrate even after troweling, resulting in limited water absorption at the bottom of the pot.

4. Soil requires an assortment of minerals and nutrients to enhance its fertility for optimal plant productivity. The potting mixture must be carefully balanced to promote robust growth and development of plants.

Soil Mixture for Basic Gardening

Let’s start to prepare soil mixture for summer plants like Tulsi, Hibiscus, Curry leaf, Pumpkin, Ridge Gourd, and many others.

1. Collect Soil from local surroundings

garden soil

Gather soil from local areas, whether it’s red, black, clay, or sandy in composition.

    • Thoroughly clean the soil, removing any plastics, glass pieces, old roots, and stones.
    • Once cleaned, expose the soil to sunlight for a day to eliminate ants, insects, and fungi.
    • After 24 hours, when the soil is completely dry, lightly sprinkle water over it to make it damp before mixing.

2. Add Compost- to maintain the minerals and moisture level of soil

Vermicompost

Compost is a valuable resource packed with essential nutrients and vital components, often referred to as “black gold.” It has the capacity to retain water for extended periods, preventing soil from drying out quickly, while also enhancing and refining its texture.

    • To enrich soil with minerals and nutrients, compost is indispensable, whether it is vermicompost, kitchen compost, leaf compost, or cow dung compost.
    • It is recommended to add compost in an amount equivalent to half the quantity of soil. For example, if you have 20 kg of soil, you should add 10 kg of compost.

3. Add Cocopeat- to hold the water for a longer run

Coco peat significantly lightens soil and prolongs water retention.

  • During the intense heat, it serves as a growth catalyst for plants by regulating pot moisture and temperature.
  • Once coco peat is incorporated, frequent watering of plants becomes unnecessary.
  • It is recommended to use coco peat in an amount equal to half the quantity of compost.

4. Add Sand to make Soil Porous

Adding sand in soil mix

  • Frequently, water accumulates at the soil’s surface, impeding proper drainage and hindering water absorption to reach plant roots below.
  • To address this, sand is added to enhance soil porosity and facilitate better drainage, preventing waterlogging. It is essential to balance the addition of sand and coco peat in equal quantities.
  • Avoid using sea sand for potting mixtures due to its salt content; instead, opt for river sand, readily available from construction sites.

5. Add Neem Cake Powder – to protect the roots from pests

Neem cake powder

Neem cake powder provides protection to plants against diseases, infections, and insects.

  • High-quality neem cake typically emits a distinct smell, so it is advisable to monitor the intensity of the odor while incorporating it into the soil and cease adding if a strong scent becomes noticeable.
  • As a general guideline, around half a kilogram of neem cake powder is sufficient for approximately 20 kilograms of soil.

6. Add fungicide to prevent fungus in plants

cinnamon powder

Fungicide combats fungus in plants effectively.

  • You can either prepare a fine powder of cinnamon as a fungicide or use Saaf fungicide powder.
  • The quantity of fungicide should be half of that of neem cake powder.

Process:

 

    • Now, mix all the ingredients properly and uniformly.
    • After mixing, it can be stored in any container.
    • This soil can be used for transplanting plants and for existing plants as well.
    • For existing plants, remove the upper layer of soil and add this potting mixture.
    • This potting mixture is very light in weight, it can retain water for a longer span, it has all the nutrition plus it will keep your plant pest free.

PRECAUTION

Many people have sensitive skin, in that case gloves can be used otherwise this work can be done with hands also. Hands should be properly washed and sanitised after preparing potting mixture.

Happy Gardening !!

Keep Planting !!

How to grow Tulsi plant from seeds

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Planting is an art, and propagating plants from seed requires the touch of a skilled gardener. Holy basil, also known as Tulsi, is a beloved and commonly grown plant.

In this article, we will provide detailed guidance on every key aspect to empower every enthusiast to master the art of growing basil plant from seed.

Tips to grow Tulsi plant from seeds

Growing Tulsi (basil) from seeds can be a rewarding experience. By following the tips below, you can successfully grow basil from seed and enjoy the many benefits of this sacred herb.

1. Weather requirement for Tulsi (holy basil) plant

The ideal temperature to grow seeds is 15-25 ℃. It should not be either too hot or cold. Ideally, in India this temperature range falls thrice in a year –

1. Spring Season (February – March) – Particularly suitable for the North India region.

2. Monsoon Time Period ( June – September) – This period also falls within the ideal temperature range for seed germination.

3. During Autumn (October – November) – While this period can be suitable for seed germination in many parts of India, it’s important to note that in North India, it’s not recommended due to the impending cold winter. Saplings may struggle to survive in the harsh winter conditions.

2. Choose quality Tulsi (basil) seeds

Always use fresh high-quality basil seeds. Make sure they are within their viable shelf life, as older seeds may have lower germination rates.

From where you can get Tulsi plant seeds:

1. Harvesting Seeds from Tulsi Plants: Brown-colored dried flowers that grow on Tulsi plants can be collected to obtain seeds for growing new Tulsi plants.

2. Seed Maturity: Basil seeds become dark brown when they have fully matured. It’s important to use seeds that have naturally matured, as only then can they be reliably used for growing new plants.

3. Seed Quality and Maturation Factors: The maturity of seeds can be affected by factors such as excessive chemical fertilizers, inadequate sunlight, or insufficient watering. It’s essential to ensure that seeds are not only dried but also matured properly to ensure successful germination.

4. Choosing the Right Seeds: Carefully select seeds from healthy Tulsi plants, preferably from a known source or a reputable nursery.

5.From Nurseries or Online: You can obtain good quality Tulsi (holy basil)seeds from nurseries or online platforms, which offer a convenient way to access a variety of seed options.

  • Tulsi Seeds

3. Growing medium for Tulsi plant

soil mixture

Seeds may not thrive in clayey soil. The ideal soil mixture for growing Tulsi plants includes:

1. Local Soil – Collect soil from your local area, sieve it to remove debris, and ensure it’s clean.

2. Neem Cake – Add a small portion of neem cake to the soil.

3. Compost– Use compost, preferably from sources such as cow dung, kitchen waste, or vermicompost, in equal quantity to the soil.

4. Coco Peat – Add an equal amount of coco peat to help maintain soil moisture.

5. Sand– Add approximately one-fourth the quantity of sand in relation to the soil.

Thoroughly mix all these components to create a well-balanced growing medium.

 How to sow Tulsi seeds 

If you want to sow multiple seeds then opt for a seedling tray.

Seedling tray

If these trays are not available and the requirement is also less then pots can also be used to sow the seeds. The procedure of sowing, germinating, and transplanting seedlings is the same for both.

Follow below given steps to sow tulsi seeds in seedling tray:

1. Fill the tray: Fill the tray with the prepared growing medium and water it thoroughly to ensure the soil settles and remains moist.

2. Plant the seeds: Place the Tulsi seeds in the tray at the appropriate spacing.

3. Cover with coco peat or soil: Gently cover the seeds with either coco peat or the same soil mixture used earlier. Coco peat helps retain moisture, reducing the need for frequent watering.

4. Moisten the surface: Use a spray bottle to lightly moisten the surface of the seedling tray. Avoid pouring water directly, as it may displace the seeds.

Watering
  • Watering Schedule: Water the seedlings every 2-3 days. Overwatering can promote the growth of fungus and bacteria, potentially harming the plant.
  • Light Conditions: Place the seedling tray in a brightly light area, but avoid direct sunlight as it can cause the top layer of soil to dry out too quickly, which may hinder seed germination.
  • Germination Time: Typically, it takes around 10-11 days for the seeds to germinate.
  • Transplanting: Once the seedlings have grown stronger, usually after about 1 month, you can transplant them into larger pots.

Process of separating the saplings

Seedlings

1. Transplanting: Gently press the bottom of the seedling tray to release the saplings along with the soil. Plant them in larger pots to allow the roots space to expand.

2. Soil Mixture: Use the same growing medium in the new pots, preferably a mix of the same soil mixture and coco peat. Handle the delicate saplings gently.

3. Sunlight: Avoid direct sunlight for the first 3-4 days after transplanting. Afterward, expose them to early morning sunlight while ensuring they receive bright light. Avoid placing them in the dark to prevent leggy growth.

4. Watering: Water the saplings when the top layer of soil becomes dry; avoid overwatering. At this stage, you typically don’t need fertilizer or manure.

5. Fertilizer: If the plants show slow growth or nutrient deficiencies, you can use a well-diluted liquid fertilizer made from cow dung or mustard cake (dilute it at least 10 times with water).

Continue reading How to grow Tulsi plant from seeds →

Shami Plant Care Tips

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The Shami plant, also known as Banni Mara or Khejri tree, holds sacred significance. Its botanical name is Prosopis Cineraria. The Shami plant is revered for bringing wealth, happiness, and peace, and it is utilized in various medicinal treatments for ulcers and stomach problems.

Just like all living beings, plants exhibit unique characteristics and require specific care and maintenance for optimal growth. This detailed article aims to explain and address every fact and question related to the Shami plant.

❖ Life Span of Shami Plant

  • This perennial plant, if nurtured properly, would sustain for years and years.

❖ Best Season for Shami Plant

    • It is a typical summer plant and grows best during February – October.
    • During winters, it should be kept in a shaded area to preserve it from cold waves and rainwater.

❖ Characteristics of the Shami Plant

1. It has small leaves.
2. Stems and branches are accompanied by thorns.
3. During the evening, it droops its leaves.
4. It is recommended to keep it in a sacred or holy place.
5. It is an outdoor plant, requiring direct sunlight for at least 3-4 hours.
6. During intense heat, it should be placed under shade or a green net for protection.

❖ Pot size for Shami Plant

Shami plant in clay pot
    • Big-sized clay pots are recommended for the Shami plant. In large pots, Shami plants will grow and spread more quickly.

❖ Soil Mixture for Shami Plant

1. Garden Soil – Use regular garden soil.

  • Ensure it is clean and free from debris such as glass pieces, plastic, termites, or dry roots.

2. Compost – Use half the quantity of soil.

3. Cocopeat – Use half the quantity of compost.

4. Sand – Use the same quantity as cocopeat.

5. Neem Cake Powder (Optional) – Add a small amount to prevent fungus, insects, diseases, or root rot.

6. Cinnamon Powder (Optional) – Add a few pinches to prevent insects and fungus.

Mix all these ingredients together to create the perfect soil mixture for the Shami Plant.

❖ Repotting the Shami Plant

Repotting Shami plant

1. After purchasing from the nursery, wait for 2-3 days before repotting.
2. Only shift it to a new pot once the plant has acclimated to its new environment and shows no signs of stress.
3. Give ample water after repotting and keep it in a shaded area for the next 2-3 days.
4. Gradually introduce sunlight to the plant thereafter.

❖ Watering for the Shami Plant

Watering Shami plant

The soil mixture and clay pot combination will help maintain the perfect balance of water in the soil.

  • Water the plant when the topsoil feels dry to the touch by gently loosening the soil. Continue watering until water begins to drain out from the bottom hole of the pot.
  • This resilient plant is quite hardy and can withstand occasional instances of over-watering or under-watering. However, it’s best to avoid overwatering.

❖Hard Pruning of the Shami Plant:

If the plant experiences stress, particularly during winters, performing a hard pruning can help it recover.

  • It is advisable to do hard pruning only in February, avoiding the monsoon season. This practice can revive the plant and promote healthy growth.

❖ Fertilizers for the Shami Plant

Compost for Shami plant

Avoid using chemical fertilizers such as NPK, Epsom salt, DAP, or urea on this plant. Additionally, refrain from using strong fertilizers like banana peel fertilizer or seaweed fertilizer.

  • Instead, during March, provide the Shami Plant with mustard cake liquid fertilizer, but ensure it is diluted before application. This will help nourish the plant without causing any harm.

Suggested Fertilizers:

1) Cow Dung Liquid Fertilizer:

  • Take 1 mug of cow dung liquid tonic and dilute it with 10 parts tap water.
  • After mixing, apply it to the Shami Plant.

2) Vermicompost Tea:

  • Take a small amount of vermicompost and soak it in water for 24 hours.
  • Use the upper layer of this solution and mix it with 4 times more water. Apply it to your plant.

Note:

  • Always ensure that the topsoil is dry before applying the fertilizer, as this will facilitate better absorption of nutrients.
  • Loosen the soil before applying fertilizers.
  • Apply any of these fertilizers once a month to promote the booming growth of the plant.

❖ Pruning of the Shami Plant

pruning of Shami plant leaves

Proper growth of the plant is not achievable solely through fertilizers or exposure to sunlight; timely pruning is essential.

  • From March to October, regularly perform soft pruning using pruners or scissors.
  • Every 15 days, trim the tips of the plant to encourage the emergence of new branches, facilitating healthier growth.

❖ Pest Protection for Shami Plant

While Shami plants are generally resistant to infections, they may occasionally be affected if surrounding plants are infested with mealybugs or aphids.

  • To prevent pest attacks, spray a solution made from neem leaves onto the plant once a week. If the plant is already affected by pests, use neem oil to remove them.

This was the complete care of the Shami Plant from the small plant (nursery) to the big, bushy, or blooming plant (at your home).

Enjoy Gardening!!

Make Your Own Garden!

How to grow and care Tulsi plant (Holy Basil)

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Tulsi, also known as Holy Basil, Vrinda, Vaishnavi, among other names, is a popular perennial plant in many regions. Despite careful attention, it may sometimes dry out, particularly in winter.

We need to take certain steps to keep our plants healthy. Let’s discuss each point one by one.

How to grow and care Tulsi plant (Holy basil)

Here are some tips on how to care for a Tulsi plant:

1. Location of Tulsi plant or Temperature for Tulsi plant

Tulsi plants thrive in full sunlight. Choose a spot in your garden or balcony where the plant can receive at least 6-8 hours of sunlight daily.

Important to note:

(i) During the winter season when temperatures drop to 15℃-16℃, Tulsi leaves may start to dry out.

(ii) Conversely, in the summer when temperatures rise significantly, the leaves may become burnt, darken, and shrink in size.

(iii) In both cases, it’s advisable to provide some shade for the Tulsi plant. Keeping the plant in a shaded area can help mitigate the effects of extreme temperatures, whether they are too high or too low.

2. Soil for Tulsi plant

  • Tulsi prefers well-draining soil rich in organic matter. A mix of garden soil and compost works well. Make sure the soil is not too compacted.

3. Pot Size for Tulsi plant

Tulsi plant in 12 inch clay pot

To ensure healthy growth of your Tulsi plant, use a pot that is at least 12 inches in diameter.

  • Larger pots allow the roots to spread freely, preventing them from becoming tangled and ensuring efficient water absorption. This promotes overall plant health and longevity.

Also read:

How to grow Tulsi plant from seeds

 

4. Watering tips for Tulsi plant

 

Here are the key points to consider before watering a Tulsi plant:

1. Tulsi is a tropical plant and does not require excessive watering. The soil should be moist, not muddy. Water only when the soil is completely dry.

2. Check the soil’s moisture level by touching the surface. If the top layer is wet, the inner soil is likely moist enough, so avoid watering.

3. Before watering, loosen the soil up to 2-3 inches to ensure thorough absorption and promote aeration.

4. Water the plant in the early morning or evening to avoid water evaporation and prevent the soil from getting too hot, which can potentially harm the plant’s leaves and lead to its demise. Avoid watering during the afternoon when the sun is intense.

5. Pruning tips for Tulsi plant

 

Pruning is essential for maintaining the health and longevity of plants. It involves cutting back or removing overgrown or dead parts of the plant.

Regular pruning, especially during the growing season, is crucial for promoting healthy growth.

For flowering plants, pruning can be done regularly to remove spent flowers (deadheading) to encourage continuous blooming.

 

Important note:

  • It is important to remove flowers before they mature into seeds, as this redirects the plant’s energy towards growth rather than seed production.

6. Fertilizer for Tulsi plant

 

For fertilizing Tulsi plants, it is generally unnecessary if proper care and watering are maintained, especially during winter.

  • However, during summer, if fertilizers are used for other plants, you can use chemical-free options like “Cow-dung liquid fertilizer” or “Vermicompost” once a month. Ensure cow dung is decomposed to prevent pest issues.

7. Pesticide for Tulsi plant

 

As for pesticides, the need for them is rare due to Tulsi’s natural immunity. Pests may occur due to weakened immunity from over or under watering. In such cases, opt for chemical-free options like neem oil spray.

Happy Gardening!

FAQs on Mustard Cake Liquid Fertilizer for Plants

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Mustard Cake Liquid Fertilizer is like a magic potion for your plants, which is made from the leftover material while making mustard oil. It is completely natural and very helpful in growing healthy plants.

Benefits of Mustard Cake Liquid Fertilizer

1. Boosts Growth: Helps plants grow bigger and stronger.

2. Nutrient-Rich: Packed with all the good stuff plants need to thrive.

3. Soil Friendly: Makes soil healthier and better for plants to grow in.

4. Green Pest Repellent: Keeps away pesky bugs without harsh chemicals.

5. Easy to Use: Just mix it with water and pour it around your plants.

6. Environmentally Friendly: Does not harm the environment like synthetic fertilizers do.

Here are some frequently asked questions (FAQs) about Mustard Cake Liquid Fertilizer for plants:

Q. 1. What is Mustard Cake Liquid Fertilizer?


Ans: Mustard Cake Liquid Fertilizer is a natural fertilizer derived from mustard cake, a by-product of mustard oil extraction from mustard seeds. It is made by soaking the mustard cake in water to create a nutrient-rich liquid fertilizer.

Q.2. How is Mustard Cake Liquid Fertilizer made?


Ans: Mustard Cake Liquid Fertilizer is made by soaking mustard cake (the residue left after mustard seeds are crushed for oil extraction) in water for a specific period. This allows the nutrients present in the cake to leach into the water, creating a nutrient-rich liquid fertilizer.

Q.3. What are the benefits of using a Mustard Cake Liquid Fertilizer?

Ans: Mustard Cake Liquid Fertilizer provides various benefits to plants, including:

  • Rich in nutrients like nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and micronutrients.
  • Improves soil fertility and structure.
  • Enhances plant growth and development.
  • Boosts flowering and fruiting.
  • Acts as a natural pest repellent and soil conditioner.

Q. 4. How do I use Mustard Cake Liquid Fertilizer?


Ans: Mustard Cake Liquid Fertilizer can be used by diluting it with water and then applying it to the soil around plants.

  • The exact dilution ratio may vary depending on the specific needs of your plants and the concentration of the fertilizer. Generally, a dilution of 1:10 (one part fertilizer to ten parts water) is recommended.

Q. 5. Is Mustard Cake Liquid Fertilizer safe for all plants?
Ans: Mustard Cake Liquid Fertilizer is generally safe for most plants when used in appropriate dilutions. However, it is always a good idea to test it on a small area of your plants before applying it extensively, especially for sensitive plants.

Q. 6. Can I make Mustard Cake Liquid Fertilizer at home?
Ans: Yes, Mustard Cake Liquid Fertilizer can be made at home by soaking mustard cake in water. However, it’s essential to ensure that the cake is sourced from organic, chemical-free sources to avoid any contaminants in the fertilizer.

Read the complete article here:

How to Make Mustard Cake Fertilizer..

Q. 7. How often should I apply Mustard Cake Liquid Fertilizer?
Ans: The frequency of application depends on various factors such as plant type, soil condition, and growth stage.

  • In general, it is recommended to apply Mustard Cake Liquid Fertilizer once every 2-4 weeks during the growing season.
  • Adjust the frequency based on the response of your plants and any specific recommendations for the plants you are growing.

Q. 8. Can Mustard Cake Liquid Fertilizer be used as a foliar spray?
Ans: No, do not spray mustard cake liquid fertilizer on the leaves, recommended only for the soil.

Q. 9. When should I give Mustard Cake Liquid fertilizer to plants?
Ans: Give Mustard Cake Liquid fertilizer to plants when the soil is dry, as it helps retain moisture in the soil.

Q. 10. When should one avoid using mustard cake liquid fertilizer on plants?

Ans: Mustard cake liquid fertilizer should be avoided during the summer months, especially in hot, dry weather, as it can potentially burn the plants.

Q.11. What precautions should be taken if used during hot, dry weather?

Ans: If it needs to be used during such conditions, it should be diluted with additional water in its solution to prevent damage to the plants.

Q.12. Can a mustard cake be used in powder form, and how can it be prepared for application?

Ans: Yes, mustard cake can be used in powder form.

  • To prepare it, grind the mustard cake into a powder using a grinder. Then, in the pot, remove the top layer of soil, sprinkle the mustard cake powder evenly, and water the soil to allow the nutrients to penetrate and benefit the plants.

Q.13. How should the mustard cake be stored, and why is it important to store it in this manner?

Ans: The mustard cake should be stored in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight. This storage method is crucial to preserve the nutrients in the cake and prevent it from becoming rancid.

Q.14. Where can I purchase Mustard Cake Liquid Fertilizer
Ans: Mustard Cake Liquid Fertilizer may be available at garden centers, nurseries, or online retailers that specialize in organic gardening products. Additionally, you can make it at home if you have access to mustard cake and water.

Read more FAQs on Gardening here.

Happy Gardening!